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The Hitler Youth (German: , often abbreviated as HJ in German) was the youth organisation of the Nazi Party in Germany. Its origins dated back to 1922. From 1933 until 1945, it was the sole official youth organisation in Germany and was partially a paramilitary organisation; it was constituted of the ''Hitlerjugend'' proper for male youth aged 14 to 18, the Deutsches Jungvolk (German Youth) for younger boys, and the League of German Girls. With the surrender of Nazi Germany in 1945, the organisation ''de facto'' ceased to exist. On 10 October 1945, it was outlawed by the Allied Control Council along with other Nazi Party organisations. Under Section 86 of the German Criminal Code, the Hitler Youth is an "unconstitutional organisation" and the distribution or public use of its symbols, except for educational or research purposes, are not permitted. ==Origins== In 1922 the Munich-based Nazi Party established its official youth organization called ''Jugendbund der NSDAP''.〔("First NSDAP-related organization of German youth." ) feldgrau.com. Retrieved: 1 February 2010.〕 It was announced on 8 March 1922 in the ''Völkischer Beobachter'', and its inaugural meeting took place on 13 May the same year. Another youth group was established in 1922 as the . Based in Munich, Bavaria, it served to train and recruit future members of the ''Sturmabteilung'' (or "Storm Regiment"), the adult paramilitary wing of the Nazi Party. Following the abortive Beer Hall Putsch (in November 1923) the Nazi youth groups ostensibly disbanded, but many elements simply went underground, operating clandestinely in small units under assumed names. In April 1924 the ''Jugendbund der NSDAP'' was renamed ''Grossdeutsche Jugendbewegung'' (Greater German Youth Movement). On 4 July 1926 the ''Grossdeutsche Jugendbewegung'' was officially renamed ''Hitler Jugend Bund der deutschen Arbeiterjugend'' (Hitler Youth League of German Worker Youth). This event took place a year after the Nazi Party itself had been reorganized. The architect of the re-organisation was Kurt Gruber, a law student from Plauen in Saxony. After a short power-struggle with a rival organization—Gerhard Roßbach's ''Schilljugend''—Gruber prevailed and his "Greater German Youth Movement" became the Nazi Party's official youth organization. In July 1926 it was renamed ''Hitler-Jugend, Bund deutscher Arbeiterjugend'' ("Hitler Youth, League of German Worker Youth") and, for the first time, officially became an integral part of the ''Sturmabteilung''. The name ''Hitler-Jugend'' was taken up on the suggestion of Hans Severus Ziegler.〔 Ernst Klee, ''Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich. Wer war was vor und nach 1945'', Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Zweite aktualisierte Auflage, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8, p. 694. 〕 By 1930 the ''Hitler-Jugend'' had enlisted over 25,000 boys aged 14 and upwards. It also set up a junior branch, the ''Deutsches Jungvolk'', for boys aged 10 to 14. Girls from 10 to 18 were given their own parallel organisation, the ''Bund Deutscher Mädel'' (BDM), League of German Girls. In April 1932 Chancellor Heinrich Brüning banned the Hitler Youth movement in an attempt to stop widespread political violence. But in June Brüning's successor as Chancellor, Franz von Papen, lifted the ban as a way of appeasing Hitler, the rapidly ascending political star. A further significant expansion drive started in 1933, when Baldur von Schirach became the first ''Reichsjugendführer'' (Reich Youth Leader), pouring much time and large amounts of money into the project. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hitler Youth」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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